Multiple Sclerosis Therapy: Physiology and Pathophysiology
Nerve Physiology : The communicating link between the spinal cord and the brain is possible due to central nervous system of our body. The central nervous system consists of nerves made by neurons. The nerves pass on the information send by spinal cord to the brain and by the brain to spinal cord. 
This information is transmitted by nerves all the way through electrochemical impulses. Electrochemical impulses are also identified as “Action potentials”. These are pulse wave of current which travels along the neurons axon. The neuron’s axon is covered with an insulate cover called myelin sheath, in order to conduct action potentials quickly to a neurons axon.
Oligodendrocyte is accountable for myelinating axons in the central nervous system. Single oligodendrocyte, which is aspecial type of cell known as processes, is capable of extending its layer to cover around 1 mm of myelin sheath. This myelin sheath serves to decrease the capacity of the cell membrane bordering the neuronal axon. (more…)